Ancient individuals from the North American Northwest Coast reveal 10,000 years of regional genetic continuity

Abstract

Ancient individuals from the North American Northwest Coast reveal 10,000 years of regional genetic continuity John Lindoa, Alessandro Achillib, Ugo A. Peregob, David Archerc, Cristina Valdioserad,e, Barbara Petzeltf, Joycelynn Mitchellf, Rosita Worlg, E. James Dixonh,i, Terence E. Fifieldj,k,1, Morten Rasmussene,l, Eske Willersleve,m,n, Jerome S. Cybulskio,p,q, Brian M. Kempr,2, Michael DeGiorgios,t,2, and Ripan S. Malhiu,v,2 a Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; bDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani,” University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; cDepartment of Anthropology, Northwestern Community College, Prince Rupert, BC, Canada V8J 3P6; dDepartment of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; eCentre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark; fMetlakatla Treaty Office, Metlakatla First Nation, Prince Rupert, BC, Canada V8J 3P6; gSealaska Heritage Institute, Juneau, AK 99801; hMaxwell Museum of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; iDepartment of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; jSociology and Anthropology Department, University of Alaska Southeast, Ketchikan, AK 99901; kTongass National Forest, US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Ketchikan, AK 99901; lDepartment of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; m Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom; nWellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; oResearch, Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau, QC, Canada K1A 0M8; pDepartment of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7; qDepartment of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6; r Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019; sDepartment of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; t Institute for CyberScience, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; uCarl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820; and vDepartment of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801