Genomic Characterization of Peruvian Creole Goats: Insights into Population Structure and Runs of Homozygosity

Abstract

Peruvian Creole goats are crucial for rural families in Peru, as they provide milk and meat, in various environments across the country. However, little is known about their genetic characteristics. This study analyzed goats from six regions of Peru using modern genetic tools to understand their relationships. We found that goats from some areas are more genetically distinct, such as those from Ica. We also identified regions in their DNA that may be linked to adaptation to local conditions. These findings are crucial for the protection of this locally adapted animal, as they contribute support to long-term conservation efforts. Keywords: Peruvian Creole goats, runs of homozygosity, effective population size, genomic inbreeding, conservation genetics